Process fluid assignments to shell side or tube side. Your phone number select algeria angola armenia benin botswana burkina faso burundi cameroon cape verde central african republic chad congo congo, democratic. The greater the temperature difference, the smaller will be the required. A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs. Troubleshooting shellandtube heat exchangers use these techniques and guidelines to ensure more reliable heat transfer d. They will also calculate the number of tubes needed for a shell and tube heat exchanger and to calculate the pipe length needed for a double pipe heat exchanger. As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell a large pressure vessel with a bundle of tubes inside it. They are designed so as to achieve a large transfer surface area within a small space, with minimal loss of fluid pressure. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higherpressure applications. The result is a high pressure drop, increased pumping costs, and large amounts of expensive. Pdhonline course m371 2 pdh shell and tube heat exchangers. Nptel chemical engineering chemical engineering design ii joint initiative of iits and iisc. Conventional exchangers shell and tube have channel size of 10 to 30 mm. The optimum thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger involves the consideration of many interacting design parameters which can be summarised as follows.
The two most common heat exchanger design problems are those of rating and sizing. What are advantages and disadvantages of shell and tube. Instead of going through all of the calculations is there any fairly accurate rules of thumbs that i can use. Heat exchangers are devices used to transfer heat between two or more fluid. Size sthes are capable of providing a larger surface area for heat transfer to take place while having a shorter length overall due to presence of multiple tubes. Design of shellandtube heat exchangers using multiobjective. Shell side out side of the tubes are inaccessible for mechanical cleaning. Troubleshooting shell and tube heat exchangers use these techniques and guidelines to ensure more reliable heat transfer d. The exchangers exhibit more than 65% of the market share with a variety of design experiences of about 100 years. Selection of heat exchanger tema layout and number of passes. Wheeled mobile crusher is also known as portable crusher or mobile crushing plant. Shell and tube type heat exchangers multitubular heat exchangers feature a shell body and multiple tubes heat transfer tubes.
We certify that the project entitled design of small heat exchanger double pipe type is written by mohamad shafiq bin alias. The pareto fronts for minimizing both the heat transfer area and pumping power of the shell and tube heat exchanger were obtained for both case studies and ranked using a simple cost function. A computer program in matlab has been written for shell and tube heat exchanger design. The heat exchanger discussed in this manual has been carefully assembled and factory tested to provide years of. Optimization of shell side parameters using ansys fluent harikirupakar.
Shell and tube heat exchanger shell and tube heat exchangers consist of series of tubes. Due to the high heat transfer efficiency of the plates, plate type heat exchangers are usually very small when compared to a tube and shell type heat exchanger with the same heat transfer capacity. Design optimization of a shell and tube heat exchanger. Calculate the required heat transfer area based on values needed. Selection of heat transfer models and fouling coefficients for shell side and tube side. A 2shell passes and 4tube passes heat exchanger is used to heat glycerin from 20c to 50c by hot water, which enters the thinwalled 2cmdiameter tubes at 80c and leaves at 40c. Gulley, gulley computer associates, tulsa, oklahoma. Selection of heat exchanger tema layout and number of. A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger. Specification of tube parameters size, layout, pitch. Request information for shell and tube heat exchanger. Equipment sizing and capital cost estimation 5 shell and tube heat exchanger t th,out c,out t c,in t h,in qua.
Heat exchanger effectiveness ntu method if more than one of the inlet and outlet temperature of the heat exchanger is unknown, lmtd. Setting shell side and tube side pressure drop design limits. The shell and tube heat exchanger is by far the most common type of heat exchanger used in industry. Now we will try to go in details about this shell and tube heat exchangers. Design pressures range from full vacuum to 6,000 psi. Heat transfer nptel online videos, courses iit video. Download the excel spreadsheet templates in this article to make preliminary heat exchanger design calculations. All these heat exchangers can be operated in both parallel and. Gaitonde, department of mechanical engineering, iit bombay. This compactness is achievable through higher surface densities i. The choice of shell and tube type is determined chiefly by factors such as the need for the provision for differential movement between shell and tubes, the design pressure, the design temperature, and the fouling nature of the fluids rather than the function.
Plain tubular exchangers, shellandtube exchangers with plain tubes, and plate exchangers are good examples of prime surface exchangers. Theory and application two fluids, of different starting. Different types of shell and tube exchangers can be easily configured by changing the shell and tube arrangement. Classification of heat exchangers transfer of heat from one fluid to another is an important operation for most of the chemical industries. The thermal design of heat exchangers is directed to calculate. We have examined the final copy of this project and in our opinion. Mod07 lec29 various types of shell and tube heat exchangers mod07 lec30 various types of compact heat exchangers mod07 lec31 effectivenessntu, method of heat exchanger analysis. This is due to the larger area the plates provide over tubes.
Email this page download pdf download pdf printable page. Shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used and very popular in the process industry, due to their versatility. Equipment sizing and capital cost estimation 6 purchase costs shell and tube heat exchangers. Shell and tube heat exchanger design is an iterative process, which. E1mnl032a design and rating of shell and tube heat. Tm is the log mean temperature difference given as t t. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes. Can be measured by the heattransfer area per unit volume or by channel size. Hello, i am trying to calculate the allowable pressure drop for a shell and tube heat exchanger. The optimum thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger involves the consideration of many interacting design parameters which can be summarized as follows. Shell and tube heat exchangers construction details. As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell a large vessel with a bundle of tubes inside it. Feb 20, 2011 shell and tube heat exchanger design 1. Shell and tube heat exchanger as the name proposed, they are built around tubes mounted in a cylindrical shell, the tubes are parallel to the shell.
Tube passes the number of passes is chosen to get the required tube side fluid velocity to obtain greater heat transfer coefficient and also to reduce scale formation. Inside the shell, baffles are typically installed which help in holding the tubes and directing the shell fluid flow to some extent. Shell the shell is the outside cylinder which contains the tube bundle and fluid on the shell side. As shown in figure 47, the shell and tube heat exchanger consists of the shell, which is a large vessel with one or more inlet and one or more outlet nozzles. One fluid flows inside the tubes is called the tube side fluid, while the other fluid flows across and along the axis of the exchanger in the shell side shell side fluid. Therein, popular analytical techniques such as log mean temperature difference lmtd and effectivenessnumber of. And today we will be talking about the shell and tube heat exchangers in details, but before going to that in. Unit operations lab heat exchanger 11 heat exchanger heat exchange is an important unit operation that contributes to efficiency and safety of many processes. May 04, 2009 coefficient of the heat exchanger is 640 wm 2 k, determine the length of the heat exchanger required to achieve the desired heating. F for common crossflow and shell and tube heat exchanger configurations is given in the figure versus two temperature ratios p and r defined as 1 and 2 inlet and outlet t and t shell and tube side temperatures 8 correction factor f charts for common shell. Lecture 16 enhancement of heat transfer compact heat exchangers. This means we need a more compact arrangement that still simulates countercurrent flow the shell and tube. In this paper, the multiobjective optimization for two case studies of a shell and tube heat exchanger was performed using nsgaii. Components of the shell and tube heat exchanger 1 heat exchanger shell 2 connection chamber 3 guide chamber 4 internal tubes 5 tubesheets 6 baffles 7 apparatus seal however, an effective heat exchange can only take place if the temperature difference is sufficient.
No provision to allow for differential thermal expansion developed between the tube and. Compact more accurately refers to the higher duties that are achieved in smaller sizes than say shell and tube heat exchangers. Iits and iiscs free open online web and video courses for science and engineering under nptel similar websites like nptel. A heat exchanger has a first tube bundle for circulating a first fluid, a second tube bundle for circulating a second fluid, and a shell which accommodates the tube bundles arranged in series in the shell, so that when a third fluid is circulated through the shell it successively contacts the tube bundles for a successive heat exchange between the third fluid and a respective one of the two.
The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. To get substantial heat transfer area from a double pipe exchanger, it must be long. The locations of the nozzles and the orientation of the. The tube count depends on the factors like shell id, od of tube, tube pitch, tube layout, number of tube passes, type of heat exchanger and design pressure. Types of heat exchanger, process design of shell and tube heat exchanger, condenser, and reboilers. The most common application of heat transfer is in designing of heat. Heat duty sthes can handle higher temperatures and pressures a. It can be fabricated from a wide range of materials both metallic and nonmetallic. Shell and tube heat exchanger step by step calculations to.
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